The Humble, Fragile .22 WMR

by
posted on December 20, 2011
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
keefe2015_fs.jpg

My blog on the Ruger Lightweight Carry Revolver (LCR) chambered for .22 Long Rifle has brought up a groundswell of requests for the gun to be chambered in .22 Winchester Magnum Rimfire (WMR), better known as .22 Mag. It looks to be especially attractive with the introduction of new loads, such as Hornady’s Critical Defense with a .45-grain FTX bullet, which according to factory data leaves a short 1 7/8-inch barrel at 1,000 fps, delivering a muzzle energy of 100 ft.-lbs. So why can’t you buy a .22 WMR LCR right now? The .22 Long Rifle seems to work fine, why not the .22 WMR?

According to the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers Institute the .22 WMR’s chamber pressure is the same as .22 Long Rifle at 24,000 p.s.i. So why is there a problem? Two words: chamber friction. The big difference in extraction between the two is case length. The .22 WMR case is 1.055-inches long while the .22 Long Rifle measures 0.613 inches in length. Not quite twice as long, but enough to substantially increase the amount of friction. And remember you are dealing with simultaneous extraction of eight cases by an extractor star that only engages part of each case head.

When a cartridge is fired, the malleable material of the case expands outward to grip the chamber walls and contain the chemical force of the rapid expansion of the propellant gases. The case is jammed against the breech face and chamber walls by those gases. Also remember, the case head is quite thin on a .22 WMR or a .22 LR, about 0.050 inches. The priming compound on a rimfire is around the rim of the hollow case head on the inside, so there is not a lot of material there, and case heads on rimfires are really quite fragile. Most .22 Mag. handguns have been single-actions, such as my Ruger Single-Six that has both a .22 Long Rifle cylinder and a .22 WMR cylinder. With a large, fixed ejector rod, you get plenty of extraction force, although I have torn a case head off—really the whole bottom third of the case—once with it. This is not a big deal with a single-action, just skip that cylinder, but it is quite a big deal when you are dealing with an extractor star and seven other chambers.

I recently wrote up the Kel-Tec PMR-30 (I omitted the Excel Arms MP-22 Accelerator pistol from the list of .22 Magnums in my review; I’ll own that one), and the reason for the hybrid blowback/recoil system of operation on the Kel-Tec was chamber friction. Kel-Tec actually used the chamber friction to its advantage on the gun to help to keep everything locked until the bullet leaves the barrel.

Ruger is well aware of the interest in a .22 WMR LCR, and it has some of the best—if not the best—engineering talent in the firearm industry. It’s a tricky cartridge out of wheelgun with a short extractor rod. However, they are working on it.

Latest

001 Protegex Cover 01
001 Protegex Cover 01

TriStar Arms Protégé X: A Pocket-Size Punch

Inspired by successful designs of the past, the TriStar Arms Protégé X is a pocket-size, M1911-style handgun chambered for the popular 9 mm cartridge.

Hornady Family Honored with Legacy Award

In October, the Hornady family was recognized by the Greater Grand Island Community Foundation for its contribution to the city that Hornady calls home.

I Have This Old Gun: Model 1860 Spencer Carbine

One of the most revolutionary shoulder arms of the American Civil War, the Model 1860 Spencer carbine went from being an experimental design at the war's beginning to ultimately becoming the official issue arm of the U.S. Cavalry by war's end.

New For 2025: Tippmann Arms Integrally Suppressed M4-22s

In anticipation of the upcoming $0 NFA tax stamp enactment, Tippmann Arms is now offering integrally suppressed versions of its M4-22 design.

Favorite Firearms: A Winchester Model 54 Turns 100

Serving during World War I in 1918, my father completed two years in the Engineer Corps. In addition to his engineering duties, he and all the other soldiers had to carry and qualify with the Model 1903 Springfield rifle, since they were often on the front lines.

Winchester Ammunition Opens New Office In Missouri

Winchester Ammunition opened a new office in Clayton, Mo., which will accommodate much of the company's full-time administrative staff and is located several hours away from the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant.

Interests



Get the best of American Rifleman delivered to your inbox.