Terminology: Lands and Grooves

by
posted on April 3, 2013
** When you buy products through the links on our site, we may earn a commission that supports NRA's mission to protect, preserve and defend the Second Amendment. **
wiley-clapp.jpg

Take a close look at your handgun barrel the next time you are cleaning it. Since we never clean loaded gun, it will have been carefully unloaded and the ammunition put away. As you check the bore to be sure you have done a proper job of removing the debris, take note of its spiral grooves. They weren’t always there.

These grooves were pressed, cut or hammered into place when the barrel was a smooth tube. This process is known as rifling the barrel and the end result is also called rifling, so the word is both a verb and a noun. Rifling induces a spinning motion to the bullet as it makes its speedy way down the barrel.

In the manufacturing process, the tool that creates the rifling puts (usually) five or six grooves into the smooth tube. The parts of the barrel that aren’t touched by the rifling tool are called lands. Therefore lands and grooves equal rifling, which spins projectiles and increases accuracy.

Latest

Sierra’s MatchKing X
Sierra’s MatchKing X

Hunting with a Legend: Sierra’s MatchKing X Bullet

Sierra’s MatchKing is a highly respected target bullet, but for the new trend of long-range hunting, the design needed to offer improved terminal performance. Enter the MatchKing X.

The Armed Citizen® Oct. 19, 2026

Read today's "The Armed Citizen" entry for real stories of law-abiding citizens, past and present, who used their firearms to save lives.

Review: Stoeger STR-9 Thinline

The new Stoeger carry gun loses nothing—except some weight and girth. This is the Stoeger STR-9 Thinline.

5 Great Products for Your Next Hunt

These five products will help boost your chances at success in the field.

Small Calibers for Self-Defense: Addressing Common Myths & Criticisms

For decades, small cartridges like the .22 Long Rifle were derided as incapable rounds for defensive use and were even considered dangerous for the user by some. Today, those critiques deserve a second look.

New for 2026: HUXWRX Flow 9k PCC & Flow 9 M Suppressors

Continuing the legacy it first established as Operator Suppressor Systems, HUXWRX is still introducing new and mission-specific flow-through suppressors, with its latest products being the FLOW 9 M and FLOW 9k PCC.

Interests



Get the best of American Rifleman delivered to your inbox.